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移民美國是這幾年最熱門的一個話題了。但是很多人對于移民的政策也不是很了解。好比說根據移民局和國土安全局對21世紀提升美國國家競爭力法案（American Competitiveness in the 21st Century Act 俗稱AC21）制定的職業移民最終規則，職業移民申請者在I-140批準后、綠卡批準前可以升遷、調動和換雇主，其I-140仍有效，但需要滿足一些條件。這項規則在2017年1月17日生效。

職業移民類別中的 EB-1a Extraordinary Ability 、EB-2 National Interest Waiver 不需要雇主支持，也不需要申請勞工證（EAD），可以在其專業領域內隨時換工作。

職業移民類別中的 EB-1b、EB-1c、EB-2（非 National Interest Waiver 類）、EB-3 需要雇主支持申請，這些申請者在換工作時需要滿足一些條件，以保持他們I-140有效性。下面介紹的都是職業移民類別中的 EB-1b、EB-1c、EB-2、EB-3 申請者相關。

I-140 是否已經被批準

如果你在I-140批準前換工作，原雇主可撤銷你的 I-140，那么即使你已經提交了I-485也會被拒。如果你在I-140批準后換工作，那么I-485被批準機會更大。

在I-140批準后的180天后、或者I-485身份調整遞交后的180天后，原雇主撤回I-140或原公司停止營業，你的I-140不會自動撤銷。

移民局原文如下：

"Retention of employment-based immigrant visa petitions. To enhance job portability for certain workers with approved Form I-140 petitions in the EB-1, second preference (EB-2), and third preference (EB-3) categories, but who are unable to obtain LPR status due to immigrant visa backlogs, the final rule provides that Form I-140 petitions that have been approved for 180 days or more would no longer be subject to automatic revocation based solely on withdrawal by the petitioner or the termination of the petitioner's business. See final 8 CFR 205.1(a)(3)(iii)(C) and (D)."

"DHS is revising these provisions to clarify that a Form I-140 petition will remain approved if a request to withdraw it is received or the petitioner terminates its business 180 days or more after either the date of the petition's approval or the date of filing of an associated application for adjustment of status."

當然I-140仍有效不代表I-485一定會被批準。假如移民局發現有其他造假情況，可以隨時撤消你的I-140或拒絕I-485.

若原雇主在I-140批準后180天內撤回，那么新雇主需要為你提交新的 PERM 勞工證和新I-140，但原I-140的優先日期可保留，不需重新排期。

移民局原文：

"Retention of priority dates. To enhance job portability for workers with approved Form I-140 petitions, the final rule explains the circumstances under which workers may retain priority dates and effectively transfer those dates to new and subsequently approved Form I-140 petitions. Priority date retention will generally be available as long as the approval of the initial Form I-140 petition was not revoked for fraud, willful misrepresentation of a material fact, the invalidation or revocation of a labor certification, or material error. This provision improves the ability of certain workers to accept promotions, change employers, or pursue other employment opportunities without fear of losing their place in line for immigrant visas. "

是否已提交 I-485 審理超過180天

如果申請者已經提交I-485調整身份180天以上，他可更換相同或類似崗位的新工作，不需要重新提交 I-140. 但申請者需要提交 I-485的補充表格J表（Form I-485 Supplement J）以及相關材料證明兩個工作的相似性。

移民局原文：

"If you have a pending Form I-485, Application to Register Permanent Residence or Adjust Status based on employment, you may be able to change the job or employer on which your Form I-140, Immigrant Petition for Alien Worker, is based as long as the new job offer is in the same or a similar occupational classification as the job offer for which the Form I-140 petition was filed. For you to change the offer of employment or employer, your Form I-485 must have been pending with USCIS for 180 days or more. You may request to “port” your job offer using the Form I-485, Supplement J, Confirmation of Bona Fide Job Offer or Request for Job Portability Under INA Section 204(j). Go to section 204(j) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (INA), which was enacted from section 106(c) of the American Competitiveness in the Twenty-first Century Act of 2000 (AC21), for more information.

The term “port” or “porting” means to change the offer of employment from one job or employer to another job or employer in a way that allows an applicant to remain eligible for a Green Card without having a new Form I-140, Immigrant Petition for Alien Worker filed for the applicant. "

簡單來說，在職業移民途中換工作，滿足以下條件者不需要重新提交I-140：

• I-140已經批準180天以上；
• I-485已經提交審理180天以上；
• 新舊崗位相同或類似；
• 及時提交 I-485 Supplement J。

以上文章內容就是為大家介紹的移民的相關知識。如果你有移民的打算，就可以提前來了解一下。如果在移民申請過程中想換工作，還是建議先咨詢專業移民律師。